Basic Information on Survey Research Method
“This post is written by Raffi Alfananda, Market Research & Business Development at PT Indonesia Research Institute Japan Jakarta, a global management consulting firm on business strategy.”
Survey research is often used to assess thoughts, opinions, and feelings. Surveys can be specific and limited, or they can have more global and widespread objectives. Psychologists and sociologists often use surveys to analyze behavior, and it is also used to meet the needs of more pragmatic media, such as, in evaluating political candidates, public health officials, professional organizations, and advertising and marketing directors.
Survey research method is a way of collecting data based on surveys. Understanding a survey is a research technique that aims to obtain valid data by giving a clear limit on data to a particular object. The person conducting the survey is called a surveyor. Conducting a survey means conducting an investigation, examination or review of a particular object to obtain data for research purposes. In general, the samples used as analysis units are individuals. However, other units such as households, groups, companies, and countries can also be used as analysis units. One of the things to keep in mind in survey research is the use of samples as the primary data source. The explanation that research should start with intention and interest is an explanation to motivate researchers to always be consistent in their research. From interest, the research process evolved into the emergence of ideas, then theory, choosing methods or how research was conducted, and so on.
According to W. Lawrance Neuman, in his book said that research in terms of its purpose is divided into 3 types of research, namely descriptive, explanatory, and exploratory
- Descriptive research is a study that aims to accurately describe the traits of a particular individual, condition, symptom, or group, or to determine the frequency or spread of a symptom or the frequency of a particular relationship between a symptom and another symptom in society. The focus of this study is not to look for causal relationships, but rather to attempt to describe variables that exist in certain situations or describe the relationships between the variables studied.
- Exploratory Research, If descriptive research only provides answers to questions; what, where, when, and how. Then the exploratory research will provide answers; why an event occurred. Neuman (2012) explained that explanatory research is research that aims to examine problems or phenomena. This study will explain the relationship between two or more variables or symptoms. In some reference research methodology, this explanatory research is also called confirmatory research.
- Exploratory Research, Is research conducted to explore a topic. Usually this research is done when a researcher wants to research a new topic or the subject of the study is a new subject. One of the objectives of this exploratory research is to formulate a hypothesis that is more appropriate for future research.
The quantitative research process of survey research methods departs from the problem, which consists of the background of the problem, identification of the problem, and the formulation of the problem. The problem is then explained and answered with theory. The answer to the formulation of a new problem using theory is called hypotheses. The hypothesis will be proven correct in the field. Therefore, the researchers determined a specific population. When the population is large then researchers use samples as a source of research data. If the researcher intends to nationalize the results of the sample study, then the sample is taken randomly.
Researchers on collecting data need to develop instruments. In order for the data obtained to be valid and reliable, the research instrument before being used for data collection is tested for validity and reliability first. Once the sample has been determined and the instrument has been tested for validity and reliability, the next step is to collect data on the specified sample. Once the data is collected, the data is analyzed. Analysis is directed to answer the formulation of problems and hypotheses that have been formulated. The last activity of research is to make research reports that are realized in the form of thesis, thesis, and dissertation.
The purpose of the survey research is to know an overview of the characteristics of the population. Survey research is used to gather information in the form of opinions from a large number of people on a particular topic or issue.
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Reference
Neuman, W.. (2000). Social Research Methods.
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Basic Information on Survey Research Method
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Authored by : Fitri Aulia | 22 December 2020
Recent Property Development
The Covid-19 pandemic has dealt a quite severe blow to the property business sector in 2020. During the PSBB period, business activities were very sluggish and it can be said that some business actors suffered severe losses.
However, entering the new normal period, the economic activity in several sectors including property has begun to revive from the previous period. The role of the government triggers the revival of Indonesia’s property business activities.
Government Stimulus
The assistance provided by the government is in the form of subsidies or incentives for interest subsidies to debtors of public housing credit (KPR), which is contained in the Minister of Finance Regulation (PMK) Number 138 / PMK.05 / 2020 and amendments to PMK 85 / PMK.05 / 2020 regarding the guidelines for providing interest subsidies in the effort to implement the National Economic Recovery program.
In early March 2020, the Government decided to increase the allocation of housing financing assistance by IDR 1.5 trillion for Low-Income Communities (MBR). This was stated by the Director General of Infrastructure Financing of the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) Eko Djoeli Heripoerwanto in a webinar, Wednesday (29/7/2020).
In addition, the Government also has Bank BTN as their partner-collaboration to implement their OMH Program aimed at Low-Income Communities (MBR) with low interest rates and low installments for the purchase of a prosperous tread house and a welfare apartment.
Bank BTN noted, in 2015 they have provided housing financing assistance totaling 474,099 units. Then in 2016 as many as 595,540 units, in 2017 to 666,806 units, in 2018 to 755,093 units, and in 2019 to 735,749 units.
As of September 2020, BTN has provided home ownership credit support (KPR) of 93,448 units which cost as much as Rp. 15.6 trillion. These support provided by BTN is significant for the survival of the business property sector.
BTN commitment on supporting business property has not slackened. In fact, during the pandemic, BTN continuously provides support for the government program.The distribution of subsidized KPR is still a mainstay of BTN for the One Million Houses program.
Source : Bank BTN (visit : https://www.btn.co.id/id/Conventional/Product-Links/Produk-BTN/Kredit-Konsumer/Pinjaman-Bangunan/KPR-BTN-Subsidi)
Positive Trend in Q3 2020
There is a positive trend during Q3 2020 after it drastically dropped earlier in the year, indicates there is potential for the revival of Commercial Property Demand in Q4 2020 and the next Q1 2021.
Source : Bank Indonesia
Hotels and convention halls are two sectors whose demand has risen quite drastically in the Q3 after falling badly in the previous quarter. This demonstrates positive potential for its development in the future. Meanwhile, the demand of apartment remains low and still struggles to revive until now.
Growth of Commercial Property Demand in Jabodetabek
Overall in Jabodetabek, the commercial property sector also experienced a positive increase during Q3 2020.
In Jakarta, all commercial property demands show positivism with hotels being the most prominent in their development at Q3 2020. After previously shows a negative number, the total index in Q3 has at least increased to be positive.
Source : Bank Indonesia
Meanwhile, the growth in the total commercial property index jumped drastically in Bogor, Depok and Bekasi. Same case with Jakarta, its hotel sector are also the most prominent in reviving, at least in the Q3 2020.
Source : Bank Indonesia
As we can see on charts above, the hotel segment shows a great improvement in demand. This was driven by various kinds of promotions offered by hotels to adapt in this situation such as providing huge discount, staycation packages, working from hotels offer, and wedding reception packages.
Why Hotels?
As Indonesia gradually eases lockdown restrictions, the hotel occupancy rates across the country including Jakarta, have slowly started to pick up. However this is not without several efforts and sacrifices driven by people in the hotels sector to improve and revive the hospitality business sector in Indonesia.
To get through this hard times, efficiency and innovation are the main keys. Therefore, there are several trends created specifically to adapt to this era. Hotels competing with each other to offer a flood of discounts. To further intensify its sales strategy, there are several e-commerce platforms that is becoming a great place to advertise rooms and staycation packages, such as Traveloka. The Buy Now Stay Later also sticks to this trend.
Hotels discounts on Traveloka (Source : Traveloka)
Another new trend is the Work From Hotel (WFH). As you might know, the abbreviation of WFH was initially stands for Work From Home. To connect the dots, Working From Hotel then exist and created because there are more and more office workers are getting bored with the atmosphere of their house and desperate to look for a new atmosphere. It’s a trend where hotels prepare rooms, complete with equipment and facilities to work (e.g : Wi-Fi , stationer, and free printing facilities,etc).
Source : Instagram @harrisfxsudirman and @arunasenggigi
During the transitional PSBB period, indoor wedding receptions are allowed to be held again after previously was banned temporarily due to the massive increase of the Covid-19 spread. This becomes the opportunity that triggers the revival for the hotel business.
However, this permission is also accompanied by the requirement to fulfill and comply with the health protocols made by the government. These includes the limitation of attendees to a maximum of 25 percent of normal capacity. Then, the seating distance for visitors is set at least 1.5 meters. Visitors are also prohibited from passing by or changing seats. The eating and drinking utensils must be sterilized, while the serving of food is prohibited from using a buffet. Last but not least, the wedding staffs are required to wear a mask, face shield and gloves.
One of the breakthrough in this trend was the make of “Virtual Wedding” ever since June 2020. As this was the case held by The Sunan Hotel Solo, which offer a virtual wedding service package for 44.5 million. The event is only attended by the couple and their family members, meanwhile guests are able to attend the wedding virtually through various platforms such as Zoom, YouTube, Facebook and Instagram, while enjoying food sent by the hotel to their residences.
Source: The Sunan Hotels Solo
Finally, we might conclude that the property business in Indonesia has the potential to develop more despite the massive impact it has taken from pandemic outburst. Combining the stakeholders effort and the government’s support to stimulate this sector are expected to help revive the business sector in the future.
References
Bank Indonesia. (2020). Perkembangan Properti Komersial (PPKOM).
Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat. (2020, November 3). Tingkatkan Kepemilikan Hunian Layak, Realisasi Program Sejuta Rumah Hingga Akhir Oktober 2020 Capai 601.637 Unit. Retrieved from https://www.pu.go.id/berita/view/18970/tingkatkan-kepemilikan-hunian-layak-realisasi-program-sejuta-rumah-hingga-akhir-oktober-2020-capai-601-637-unit
Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat . (2020, January 3). Capaian Pembangunan Rumah Tembus 1,25 Juta Unit. Retrieved from https://perumahan.pu.go.id/berita/view/227/capaian-pembangunan-rumah-tembus-1-25-juta-unit
Kompas. (2020, July 29). Alokasi Tambahan Rp 1,5 Triliun untuk Perumahan Terkait 3 Program. Retrieved from https://properti.kompas.com/read/2020/07/29/191334021/alokasi-tambahan-rp-15-triliun-untuk-perumahan-terkait-3-program?page=all
BUMN inc. (2020). Target Penyaluran KPR Bank BTN Naik Menjadi 300.000 Unit Per Tahun. Retrieved from http://bumninc.com/target-penyaluran-kpr-bank-btn-naik-menjadi-300-000-unit-per-tahun/?more=2